Hypertension is the condition of the body in which vessels are constantly experiencing increased blood pressure: systolic blood pressure is equal or exceeds 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure equal to 90 mm Hg.
The diagnosis of "hypertension" is made in cases where, according to pressure measurements made in two different days, the value of systolic pressure in both days evenly or exceeds 140 mm RT. Art. And/or diastolic pressure value in both days equally or exceeds 90 mm Hg. Art.
The risk of this condition lies at the risk of heart damage or blood vessels in other organs, such as the brain and kidneys.
Important: Hypertension is the most importantPREVENTIVEThe cause of heart disease and stroke all over the world
Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to a heart attack, an increase in heart and, ultimately, to the failure of the heart. Enlargement (aneurysms) can develop into the blood vessels and the vulnerable places where the blood vessels are more likely to be blocked and shredded. Pressure in the blood vessels can lead to hemorrhage in the brain and the development of the stroke. Hypertension can also lead to kidney failure, blindness and cognitive impairment.
Hypertension is called a "quiet killer". Most patients with hypertension do not even doubt the problem, as hypertension often does not provide anxiety signals and persists asymptomatic.
We invite everyone to use the medical program to evaluate the condition of your cardiovascular system and receive advice from all the necessary specialists.
Risk factors for developing hypertension
Stress, mental and mental work
Studies show that hypertension most often get sick, whose vital activity is associated with constant nerve congestion. Thus, for example, in the inhabitants of large megacities, hypertension is much more common than in people living in rural areas.
Hypertension and stress are indivisible, so it is necessary to treat both diseases.
Every fourth man and every fifth woman in the world, the blood pressure increases
Studies show that hypertension most often get sick, whose vital activity is associated with constant nerve congestion. Thus, for example, in the inhabitants of large megacities, hypertension is much more common than in people living in rural areas.
Hypertension and stress are indivisible, so it is necessary to treat both diseases.Hypertension complications are the cause of 9. 4 million annual death cases in the world (WHO)
Hypodinamine
Hippodynamia is a decrease in muscle load due to a sedentary lifestyle. A modern city resident is not engaged in physical labor, prefers to use short -distance vehicles, instead of walking, and spending leisure on a computer or TV. Only 1 % is engaged in recreational sports and 5 % do gymnastics in the morning.
As a result, such a way of life leads to significant changes in all body life support systems, especially cardiovascular and irritable.
The combination of hypodynamia and stress makes a person extremely vulnerable to hypertension and complications. Adrenaline, produced in stress, stimulates the production of glucocorticoids, which, in turn, stimulate the increase in blood sugar and increased blood pressure.
In an immobilized organism, adrenaline and sugar instead of "burning" with the release of energy, remain in the blood vessels for a long time and lead not only to a long increase in pressure but also to heart attacks and strokes.
Excess weight
To determine whether or not there is overweight, they use the body mass index. It is calculated as the body weight ratio in kilograms in a growth square in meters. If the result exceeds 25 kg/sq. m in young and 27 kg/sq. m in older people, but does not exceed 30 kg/sq. m, that means there is overweight. If the index indicator is over 30 kg/sq. m, then in this case we are talking about pronounced clinical overweight.
More than half of hypertension patients suffer from overweight.
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease in which there is an accumulation of excessive amounts of fat in adipose tissue.
Numerous scientific studies have shown that a decrease in excess fat by 5-10% leads to a decrease in increased blood pressure, and an improvement in disease control.
Losing every 5 kg excess weight can help reduce systolic blood pressure by 2-10 points.
Other risk factors
An unhealthy diet - excessive salt consumption, a significant content of saturated fats and trans fats in food, insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits. As well as the use of tobacco and alcohol.
Increased risk factors include inherited predisposition, age and concomitant disease, such as diabetes or kidney disease.
Preventing hypertension
Acquisition everybody should control his blood pressure. In case of added pressure, you should take a consultation with a doctor.
Less than a fifth hypertension controls their condition
People with high blood pressure, who also have high blood sugar, increased blood cholesterol or kidney problems have increased at risk of heart attack and stroke. Therefore, it is important to regularly check blood sugar levels, blood cholesterol and protein level in the urine.
To minimize the risk of high blood pressure and its unfavorable consequences, everyone can take a number of specific steps:
Balance
Good spirit and positive emotional state are indispensable conditions for maintaining health. What is especially important for patients with hypertension or predisposed to its development because the disease is directly related to an inadequate reaction to stress.
It is necessary to learn how to manage stress in such healthy ways as meditation, different types of psychotherapy and positive social contacts.
Cardiology Center specialists: neurologists, psychotherapists, cardiologists will make comprehensive recommendations and learn to face stress.
Walking in a fairy forest surrounding a sanatorium and outdoor activities will give you a good load of power. Familiarity with local attractions will give you spiritual balance.
physical
The second component of hypertension prevention is sufficient motor activity, without which we all suffer from hypodynamic manifestations to varying degrees.
For a city resident, it will be optimal to walk at least 1 hour daily in the conditions of an area of the forest park.
In the Cardiological Sanitary Center, under the program, dose walking, fitness mechanism, water group in the pool is held as part of the program and city -based competitions are held.
Patients with the disease that appear already should be involved in physiotherapy exercises.
It is necessary to adhere to the rational alternation of work and rest. Any kind of excess work should not be allowed, both mental and physical.
A healthy physiological dream is of great importance, in which the body stands by all loads. Patients in the initial stage of hypertension should sleep at least 8-9 hours a day.
Diet
In preventing hypertension, proper nutrition or diet with clinical forms of the disease expressed is of great importance.
carbohydrate
Here you should prioritize vegetables and fruits, as this will allow you to get a sufficient amount of fibers, vitamins and minerals.
squirrels
When choosing proteins, you should refuse or limit meat products in favor of milk and vegetables.
Stupid
Total insertion of fats should be reduced. Try to replace animal fats with vegetables, and among animal fats should be more fish.
A drug for patients with hypertension can be a diet with a table salt restriction. No more than 5 g (just less than one teaspoon) are allowed per day, which greatly facilitates control over blood pressure levels.
Keep the normal weight
Lowering overweight or overweight treatment is the main factor that can lead to a satisfactory control over blood pressure and even in some cases abandon the correction of the latter.
An effective tool for normalizing weight is diet therapy and different types of physical activity.
Rejecting bad habits
If a person is prone to drinking alcohol in large doses, smokes, then the risk of hypertension increases repeatedly.
Alcohol reception promotes peripheral vessel spasm and increased pressure due to increased vascular resistance.
After smoking, cholesterol levels rise, which is due to the intake of a large amount of adrenaline and norepinephrine from the adrenal glands. There is also such a medical term - nicotine hypertension.
Physical methods for preventing development and irritation of hypertension
Hydrotherapy
Water water (hydrotherapy) is a powerful tool for healing, preventing and treating hypertension. Water can affect the body as a temperature, mechanical or chemical stimulus, and the choice depends on the need for a particular exposure factor.
The temperature factor is the most important in choosing a hydrotherapy. Skin capillaries expand and narrow in response to the water effects of different temperatures. In this case, there is an increase in blood flow or lowering it. Cold water also leads to a slowdown and increased heart contractions and increases blood pressure. Hot water reduces pressure, accelerates heart rate and weakens heart contractions
Most often, to prevent exacerbations of hypertension, indifferent temperature water is used, which is indicated for excess irritability, irritability, heart disorders, insomnia.
Hydrotherapy procedures for phase III hypertension are contraindicated.
Before using water procedures as treatment, you should consult a doctor.
For stages I-II hypertension, rain, dust and circular shower are used using indifferent or warm water with moderate pressure of water aircraft.
Baths can be common and local, for hypertension, they are used for therapeutic and preventive purposes. Medicinal baths for hypertension are limited to the use of coniferous extract.
Electrophoresis
This is the use of galvanic current for the purpose of non -infinvasive intestinal administration of various medicines. Under the influence of galvanic current, medication ions enter the skin and delay under the anode area, which creates a kind of medicinal warehouse. The drug enters the bloodstream quite slowly, which increases the duration of its effect on the body. The body also affects the positive effects of the galvanic current.
Electrophoresis is indicated in the initial stages of hypertension. In phase III, it is contraindicated. Contraindications are neoplasms, acute inflammatory processes of any localization, damaged blood coagulation processes, pronounced atherosclerosis, decompensated diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, pregnancy, individual intolerance to galvanic current.
Specialized centers use different types of physiotherapy under the control of specialists.
Physical Medical Education (Exercise therapy)
Physical education in the media is used at all stages of hypertension for preventing hypertension and complications of the disease. It includes any affordable type of physical exercise - dose walking, morning gymnastics, ground and swimming.
"Physical exercises can replace many medicines, but not a single drug in the world can replace physical exercises"
The best way of prevention is gymnastics or breakfast charging, which allows you to prepare the body for the work day, stimulates the processes of nerve regulation of blood circulation and the reactivity of the vascular system as a whole.
If the disease is already developed, then you should add a daily complex of therapeutic gymnastics to the morning gymnastics.
Centers perform individual and group classes of physiotherapy exercises under the direction of professional exercise therapy instructors.
Drug therapy
The selection of medicines for the treatment and prevention of deterioration of hypertension should be performed only by a physician.
Medication therapy becomes indispensable already in the second stage of the disease, when blood pressure reaches an important indicator with regular measurement.
The basic principle ispersonalSelection of antihypertensive drugs for each patient.
Dear readers, articles are the introductory nature. Before applying recommendations, you should consult a doctor.